Post responses to these two prompts before class on Wednesday.
Act 1, Scene 1
1. How does this first scene (in Shakespeare's text and in director Kenneth Branagh's depiction of it in the film) help create an atmosphere of unease, a sense that something is wrong in the world? (The best answers will go beyond the Ghost's appearance and into the characters' responses to this appearance.)2. Shakespeare does more than create atmosphere and hint at the theme of a fallen world in this scene. He also begins two plot lines. First he uses Horatio to introduce an important subplot involving concerning Fortinbras. Explain. Second, at the end of the scene he uses Horatio to advance the main plot (concerning the titular Hamlet). What does Horatio suggest that they do next?
29 comments:
1) The director uses a very creepy, yet believable atmosphere for the first scene. He not only makes it dark and eerie, but he makes it a scene that everyone can relate to. It is not so far off that no one can relate to what is going on, it's a courtyard in the winter at the night. Everyone has to know the feeling of being creeped out when alone at night in the freezing cold. Shakespeare opens the scene immediately with accusation. He doesn't set the scene or anything, he just jumps right in to one character being afraid of the other. Everyone is paranoid which makes the audience suspect something. Once they know something is not right, they begin to anticipate. When the ghost does come, the audience is just as frightened because the guards are so scared. They have been out there all night, and have the same anticipation as the audience. The key in all of this is to make the audience feel like they are there, make it something everyone can relate to.
2) The first plot line introduced by Horatio is that of Fortinbras being killed by the former King Hamlet. Apparently King Hamlet killed King Fortinbras and now Hamlet's son is king as well are Fortinbras son. Horatio suggests a war is about to happen not only based on the tension between the two countries, but also because the former King Hamlet continues to arrive as a ghost in Armor. Secondly, Horatio goes on about Hamlet and how he was not fond of the fact that after his father died his uncle took over. Horatio suggests they all prepare for war or flee the country.
1. The director of both the movie and the book start of with a sort of uneasy environment. It's a type of environment that makes the reader and the viewer nervous as to what will happen. They both go on to show the leery feeling between the people which then leads to the appearance to the ghost. The guards begin to get scared and everything becomes a sort of scramble. This gives the audience that same type of nervous feeling that most people can confide in, somewhat like the feeling some people get about somebody watching them.
2. The first plot line that is introduced is the history between the two families about the killings of the two kings. It is not just the fact of hostility between the two it also involves the hostility between the two countries. The second plot line that is introduced is the fact the horation does not like the once his father had died he unlce was given power. Horatio decides that the best decision is that they all prepare to go into war to resolve things.
1. In Kenneth Branagh's depiction of the first scene, he places the viewer into a dark, foggy and eerie courtyard where it appears that nearly anything could arise out of the fog. Like Hannah said, anyone can relate to that situation, whether it be outside, walking home alone, or even in your own house; being up late and hearing your floor creek. The tone of the actors voices in his depiction also set an uneasy feeling into the viewers stomachs. They seem to almost talk at a whisper as though if they talk too loud something will come out of the fog (which something does - the ghost). Shakespeare's text sets the same uneasy feeling, as his characters simply jump into accusations and questioning everyones identity and motive. It makes the reader wonder, "what horrible incident could have caused everyone in the story to be on edge," or something to that affect.
2. Horatio intoduces the history between King Hamlet and King Fortinbras. That history being that King Hamlet killed King Fortinbras. Horatio also talks about how there must be a war comming first of all because of the ghost of King Hamlet appearing in his war uniform and second because of the rising tensions between the two countries.
Horatio then goes on to talk about the young Hamlet and his instability with his own uncle taking the throne after his father died mysteriously.
The first scene in Shakespeare's Hamlet creates an atmosphere on two different levels. The first and less intense level is the appearance of the ghost, who is in fact Hamlet's father, who was recently king of Denmark before he was killed. Shakespeare never really defines the ghost or any action that he does, and the ghost never talks in the first scene. The only thing that we know about the ghost is that it resembles King Hamlet and it is wearing armor. However, he portrays a level of uneasiness through the character's reactions of the ghost. First, Marcellus and Bernardo are extremely afraid of the ghost while Horatio does not believe in it. Then, the three men see the ghost and Horatio's doubt becomes pure fear.
The second level of uneasiness that Shakespeare portrays is a bit more complicated. Denmark's king has just been killed, but that is not the only peculiar thing going on. The three men talk about how a surplus of weapons are being made as well, which is a sign of war. They discuss how Fortinbras' son could be seeking vengeance because Hamlet, the king, killed Fortinbras and the three men think a war could be afoot. We also talked about in class how a change in power brings an era of anxiety throughout the entire community until the new king settles in.
The first plot line, as explained before, goes on with Horatio explaining Fortinbras' death. King Hamlet was the murderer of Fortinbras and Horatio thinks that his son is going to seek vengeance against Denmark. This fact, along with the fact that Horatio notices that the ghost is wearing armor, leads Horatio to think that there is a war approaching, and that the people of Denmark should be well prepared.
1. Act 1 scene 1 creates an atomosphere of unease in many ways. The most obvious unease is due to the ghost that the guards are seeing. This makes the gaurds very jumpy and they even attack themselves and get frightened at the slightest noise. The guards are also on edge becuase they are frightened of an inpeding war with Fortinbras. Horatio talks about how the former King Hamlet killed the former King Fortinbras an how Fortinbras's son now wants revenge. Their beleif seems to be confirmed when they see that the ghost resembles King Hamlet and looks like he wants to tell them something.
2.The first subplot involves Hamlet's kingdom being involved in a war with Fortinbras. This was started when Hamlet killed the original king Fortinbras and now his son wants revenge. The second sublpot uses Horatio to bring Hamlet into the story. He plans to get him involved with the ghost because he beleives the ghost will only talk to Hamlet. Horation then suggests that the kingdom should prepare for the upcoming war.
1.) Hamlet's atmosphere of unease begins as the guards stand outside keeping watch. It is the middle night, and an eerie wind blows around them. The guards, frozen in the winter night, discuss an unusual sight that had been seen in that very courtyard. A ghost appears to the men in the form of the late King Hamlet. Instantly, Horatio is horrified. The other guards push him to speak to the apparition, but he runs away. The other two men pretend to be at ease in the situation rather than Horatio, but you can sense their fear. They refuse to speak to the ghost. When Horatio finally speaks to the ghost, the lack of response leaves the seen with a wondering feeling.
2.) Shakespeare introduces the subject of Fortinbras using Horatio. Fortinbras is the late King of Norway that was killed by the late Hamlet. Due to the fact that Fortinbras was killed by Hamlet, Hamlet will now receive all of Fortinbras' lands. The King of Norway's son, also Fortinbras, is angered by this fact and seeks revenge against the young Hamlet.
Horatio is also used in scene one to introduce the part of the plot that includes the younger Hamlet. After the second appearance of the ghost, Horatio concludes that the younger Hamlet must be informed of this strange apparition. It is believed that the ghost will speak to Hamlet.
1) Act 1, Scene 1 of both the film and the book is introduced as having an atmosphere of unease. It is the middle of the night, dark, cold, and eerrie. The characters are frightened of eachother in the beginning. This scene sets the mood of unease, as if something is wrong. The reader can relate to the mysterious atmosphere as being similar to a situation of being alone at night and feeling as though someone is watching/following you. When the ghost of the late King Hamlet arrives the characters a obviously frightened and respond by demanding it to speak. Both the text and the film create this eerie, uneasy feeling atmosphere that makes the reader notice that something is wrong.
2) Shakespeare uses Horatio to introduce the history of two kings: King Hamlet and King Fortinbras. King Hamlet killed King Fortinbras of Norway and now both of their sons have come into power. Horatio thinks that King Fortinbras son will seek revenge againist Hamlet. This rising tension along with the fact that the ghost of late King Hamlet appeared wearing armor indicate that a war is approaching. Horatio is then used to introduce young Hamlet into the play. He believes that Hamlet should be notified of this mysterious reappearing ghost and that the country should prepare for war.
The first scene in Hamlet fashions two different atmospheres at the same time. The first is the ghost of Hamlet, former king of Denmark, Hamlet’s father. The fact that the ghost doesn’t speak to Marcellus, Bernardo or Horatio and only appears in his armor and eerie style adds to the mysteriousness of his presence. Also, the reactions of the characters themselves when seeing the ghost of Hamlet adds to the uneasy atmosphere. They were spooked, inevitably. However, the fact that he wouldn’t communicate with them seemed to disturb them all the more. The second way Shakespeare signified the mysteriousness and unease is the fact that a bunch of weapons are being made. This sentence within the conversation of the three men suggests a symbol of war. This is ironic and noticeable because when referring back to Hamlet’s ghostly arrival, he was dressed in armor. This is not coincidence, of course. Not in a novel of Shakespeare’s.
The first plot line introduced by Horatio is Fortinbra’s death by King Hamlet. Now the son’s of the two men are kings and this relationship is foreshadowing. Perhaps a war is about to begin? The creepy atmosphere, the ghostly visit, the armor Hamlet was dressed in, and the worry among all the people suggests that war is about to begin.
Sarah Johnson
1. Shakespeare's use of language is obviously thrilling, because the elegent banter interests you already, and then they start talking about this ghost, and Horatio thinks its balogna (i so wanted to spell that "balony", sorry) and then they get a visit from this spirit (kind of strange), and it refuses to speak to them. They are sort of...freakin out, and suddenly Horatio is convinced it's Hamlet's ghost, and he has this whole story to tell about how Hamlet killed Fortinbras, and that means the ghosts are out for revenge and war is coming to the country, which even the less intelligent Mercellus and Barnabas have figured out at this point. The characters are thoroughly frightened at the prophetic appearence of this ghost, and confused. props to the filmaker for captruing thier confusion and fright, especially since he was trying to fuse the Shakespearian language with a less accurate time period. i also couldn't help but notice the music in the scen right after the ghost appeared. you know that music in beauty and the Beast when Belle is just about to touch that Forbidden Mirror, and you get this apprehensive knot in your stomach because you know she's not supposed to do that? That's the music they used right after the ghost came and the guards were discussing the reason for its appearence. Very disconcerting.
2. Horatio alludes to the importance of Fortinbras when he explains to the two guards that the late hamlet may have appeared because he is warning them of war, perhaps to be wreaked by fortinbras's son (fortinbras), in revenge for the death of his father, and for hamlet and his people to get ready (which they are doing, guarding the castle, making weaponry, etc). Horatio is also the one to suggest, at the conclusion of scene 1, that the guards should hastily end thier watch to tell the titular Hamlet about the appearence of the ghost, so that he is also forwarned of war and can prepare accordingly.
1. In the text Shakespeare creates a scene of high tension and excitement. The scene in the film brings Shakespeare's mood to life. The setting is dark and appears cold. The actors speak loudly and frantically at the dark figure, suggesting that their world is in a state of panic and confusion.
2. Horatio explaines to his accomplices that the late King Hamlet killed King Fortinbras of Norway. Horatio believes that the young King Fortinbras may be preparing to seek vengeance on young Hamlet. Horatio then suggests that the people of Denmark either flee the country or prepare for battle.
1. Its is always hard to read a piece of Shakespeare's writhing and not be confused. When given the aid of the movies it is easier to see what the book is trying to convey. In the beginning you can tell that there is a sense of fear due to the appearance of the dead kings ghost. This apparition adds to the unease already present at the time. Your country is at was and your king is dead I think any sane person would be nervous. The film just helped convey that feeling more easily. The dark shots and shadows help the audience feel the panic.
2. Horatio mentions that Fortinbras is a little angry that his father is dead and he wants to reclaim his lost land. It might be a small point of this man making conflict where it really isn't needed. The second plot is that the men should go to younger Hamlet and tell him about the ghost, which isn't a good idea because that will lead Hamlet to become obsessed with finding his fathers killer leading to his eventual doom.
1. Its is always hard to read a piece of Shakespeare's writhing and not be confused. When given the aid of the movies it is easier to see what the book is trying to convey. In the beginning you can tell that there is a sense of fear due to the appearance of the dead kings ghost. This apparition adds to the unease already present at the time. Your country is at was and your king is dead I think any sane person would be nervous. The film just helped convey that feeling more easily. The dark shots and shadows help the audience feel the panic.
2. Horatio mentions that Fortinbras is a little angry that his father is dead and he wants to reclaim his lost land. It might be a small point of this man making conflict where it really isn't needed. The second plot is that the men should go to younger Hamlet and tell him about the ghost, which isn't a good idea because that will lead Hamlet to become obsessed with finding his fathers killer leading to his eventual doom.
1. Its is always hard to read a piece of Shakespeare's writhing and not be confused. When given the aid of the movies it is easier to see what the book is trying to convey. In the beginning you can tell that there is a sense of fear due to the appearance of the dead kings ghost. This apparition adds to the unease already present at the time. Your country is at was and your king is dead I think any sane person would be nervous. The film just helped convey that feeling more easily. The dark shots and shadows help the audience feel the panic.
2. Horatio mentions that Fortinbras is a little angry that his father is dead and he wants to reclaim his lost land. It might be a small point of this man making conflict where it really isn't needed. The second plot is that the men should go to younger Hamlet and tell him about the ghost, which isn't a good idea because that will lead Hamlet to become obsessed with finding his fathers killer leading to his eventual doom.
1.) The first scene of Hamlet leaves readers uneasy. From the beginning all of the guards are jumpy and scared of each other. The nerves of the characters put the audience on edge. The setting itself is also meant to make readers anxious. It begins late at night in a mysterious courtyard. When they speak to the ghost he will not respond to them. After his exit they become even more concerned, guessing at what the ghost is a sign of. The entire first scene leaves readers and viewers confused and therefore on edge.
In this scene Horatio explains another plot including Fortinbras. Fortinras and Hamlet went to battle and Hamlet defeated Fortinbras. After this battle Hamlet received Fortinbras’s land. His son is going to attempt to get back the land his father lost. This scene shows the tension between these two countries. Secondly, Horatio takes the presence of the ghost as a warning. He suggest telling Hamlet about the ghost, he thinks the ghost will speak to Hamlet.
1.)In Kenneth Branagh's depiction of Hamlet and in Shakespeare's actual text, a feeling that something is drastically wrong in the world is created at the very beginning of the scene when Barnardo, a sentinel, is utterly terrified of Francisco and defensively attacks him, even though he knows it's Francisco. This first action makes it obvious that there is a feeling of uneasiness within all of the characters. In the film, the charcters are speaking very quickly with one another as if they are afraid that someone or something is going to hear them. The eerie, forboding music in the background of the film also creates an uneasy atmosphere. In both the film and the book, the characters speaking of a ghost that appears in the night, and then, of course, its actual appearance, creates a feeling of apprehension. Also, the way in which the characters react to the ghost make it clear the that the purpose of the ghost's appearance was to warn the three men of something, it was an omen of sorts, and by nature, omens always make people feel uneasy.
2.)Marcellus and Barnardo, being of lesser intelligence than Horatio, ask Horatio why so many strange things have been happening lateley. This is when Horatio introduces the Fortinbras storyline. Horatio explains that years ago, the old Hamlet killed the old Fortinbras because he wanted his land, and no, Horatio thinks that the young Fortinbras is going to wage war against the young Hamlet in order to avenge his father. Horatio believes that the ghost that comes in the middle of the night is the old Hamlet trying to warm Denmark of an attack by the young Fortinbras. At the end of the scene, Horatio introduces Hamlet into the plot by suggesting that the two sentinels quickly end their watch to go and inform the titular Hamlet of the ghosts appearance as to warm him of the oncoming Fortinbras so he can make the proper preparations.
1. In both the book and the novel, an eeriness is created through setting. Both the author and director of the movie make the setting dark and cold. To begin both the book and movie, all the characters but the disbelieving Horatio are on edge. In the beginning moments of the movie one of the guards is tackled out of fear by a companion. You can tell there is a lack of trust or security because they question the entrance of each individual and are all eager to exit the peculiar climate. The reader can sense something isn't right. Oh and not to mention the unexplainable ghost that appears into and out of the scene that has been haunting them for a few nights, and resembles that of the late King Hamlet.
2. A subplot introduced into the story by Horatio is the explanation of the death of King Fortinbras. King Fortibras was killed by King Hamlet in battle, so its natural to assume Fortinbras' kingdom is planning to seek vengence on Denmark. The appearance of the ghost in armor only solidifies their theories even more in their minds because they interpret it as a warning to the kingdom that a war is coming. In the conclusion of the scene, Horatio suggests they leave and tell Hamlet of the ghost because he thinks that the ghost will talk to him and he wants to warn Hamlet of the war.
BRIAN HAND
Shakespeare begins Hamlet with an eerie feeling of uneasiness. Despite it being a night which "not a mouse stirring," Francisco is eager to leave his guard as he is "sick at heart." Later on as the ghost appears, Shakespeare builds tension by leaving the readers in confusion as to the true nature of the ghost. Even the characters who have seen the ghost before are doubtful as to it's true nature. Horatio claims it is only a hallucination but it fills him with "fear and wonder" and they can't help but notice it looks like the king. This confusion as to illusion vs. reality provides the setting for the world this is taking place in.
The film was able to add suspense that wasn't found in the paper version. Branaugh opened the film with quick alternating shots of the ghost and Francisco, where Francisco knows not of of the ghost, but the the audience does. He interrupts that with a quick jump to Barnardo attacking Francisco.
Horatio tells us that the ghost is wearing the armor last worn by the king when he defeated Fortinbras. The king defeated Fortinbras, and now the younger Fortinbras has an army and wants to avenge the death of his father on the younger hamlet. horatio suggests that hamlet be told of the ghost.
1.) In both Shakespeare and Branagh's interpretations of Act 1 Scene 1 of Hamlet the scene is meant to be one of dark foreboding and apprehension. In Shakespeare's original play the scene is set at night on the watchtowers of Hamlet's castle, the reader can use their imagination to create their own version of the frightful night. It is quite different to see it in live action in Branagh's film. The dark foggy night looks quite sinister in the film, and it is easy to understand the fear of the actors. The first lines spoken in the play are a fear driven accusation, and the fact that the accusation comes from the sentinel relieving the original guard, and not the original guard, leaves questions. As the characters are introduced we learn that the two guards who have witnessed the ghost are very fearful of it, while Horatio plays it off as just a fancy, an illusion of the night that the guards are over-reacting to. After witnessing the ghost himself though, Horatio is quite shaken.
Also adding to the sense of unease is the fact that the ghost is dressed in armor, and the country is clandestinely preparing for war.
2.) The subplot involving this forthcoming war is of interest. Horatio tells Marcellus and Barnardo of the instance when Hamlet Sr. defeated Fortinbras Sr. of Norway and took his lands as the spoils. This leaves Fortinbras Jr. with a bad taste in his mouth, and a thirst for revenge against Dnemark, which as Horatio implies, Denmark is readying for.
In response to Horatio suggesting Hamlet be told of the ghost, they are hoping that Hamlet will be able to speak to the ghost, since it shrink away from the guards and refuses to speak. They believe Hamlet will be able to figure out what it desires, so that it will be able to rest in peace.
1. When the characters see the ghost they feel something bad is going to happen. one of the guards notices he is wearing his armor, which seems to forshadow an upcoming battle they are going to have to fight.
2. aparently, before he died, king hamlet killed king fortinbras of Norway. now, the guards fear that young fortinbras will come and attack young hamlet in order to get revenge for his fathers death. horatio decides it is best to tell young hamlet about the possibility of an attack. he also thinks they should tell him his father's ghost keeps showing up. that way hamlet can check it out and see if the ghost will talk to him since it didnt talk to any of the guards.
1) Without any scenery or sound-effects, Shakepeare is able to set the mood of the scene by using tense, accusing language and the response of the characters to the ghost. Horatio 'trembles and looks pale' despite his seemingly fearless demeanor towards the ghost. Branagh goes furthur with the scene and uses darkness and unearthy sounds to set the eerie mood of the scene.
2) In this scene, Horatio explains why the workers of the kingdom have been working reletlessly to create weapons and why there is a need for the nightly sentinel. Horatio informs the guards of the battle between the late Hamlet and Fortinbras, and postulates that this conflict, along with the heightened security and the ghostly apparition, foretells a great upset. Then, at the end of the scene, Horatio suggests that they inform the young Hamlet of their vision, in the hopes that he may be able to glean meaning from the visit. It is here that Shakespeare introduces the main character Hamlet and segways into the central plot.
1. The scene is very dark and gloomy and every character seems to be uneasy and on guard. This shows how everyone seems suspicous.
2. Horation intruduces how Hamlet killed King Fortinbras and that their is a possibility of war. Horatio than decides they shiould tell young Hamlet about the ghost.
1. Shakespeare is only able to use text to create a sense of unease. Kenneth Branagh's depiction is much more sensational. Although, his version filled the scene with a cheesey feast of classic "scary movie music," it added the more to the unease shakespeare wrote in his text. The watcher get's drawn in by this music because they know something out of the ordinary, or terrible will happen.
1. Shakespeare is a wonder when it comes to setting a tone in one of his books. His word choice can make the reader feel the emotion of the characters in the book. In the text he shows the fright in the characters by their words. He shows how they are scared of the ghost. In the film, the fast talking of the characters and the priceless looks on their faces tells it all. They seem uncomfortable and uneasy and search for an answer but doesn’t get one when the ghost refused to speak.
2. The first plot line by Horatio is regarding the death of King Fortinbra. His son, conveniently named after his father, would most likely want revenge on Denmark, because it was Hamlets father who killed Fortinbra in battle. The ghost was a sign that war might be coming and the guards believed since it is their duty to protect the castle, they should tell Hamlet about the possible war, so that they can prepare for it.
1.) Both Shakespear and Branagh both try to display a sense of erriness and uneasiness in the first sence of Hamlet. At the begin of the scene one guard tackles the other. This shows how on edge these guars were. Then when the ghost of Hamlet arrive, they try to communicate with it but it will not talk back to them. This is what really freaks out the guards, and Horatio. The arrivals unknown meaning puts the men in a state of unease and suspicion.
2.) Horatio beleive that these events are all a sign of war. He beleive that the armour on the ghost is no coinicedence, and tells the people that they should begin to prepare for war.
Allie Lees
1.I did not see the film clip from Kenneth Branagh's film. But in Act 1, Scene 1 of the play, the characters are a bit jumpy from the beginning. It is late at night and the guards believe that they might be attacked at any moment. We learn later that that is because of the tension between Fortinbras's son and Prince Hamlet. In the first few lines of the scene, the two guards frighten each other because they believe that the other is an intruder.The unease and eeriness of this scene is only increased with the appearance of King Hamlet's ghost. Even Horatio, who does not easily believe in the supernatural, is convinced that the ghost is real.
2.We learn from Horatio that King Hamlet defeated Fortinbras, the leader of the Polish and that King Hamlet aquired his lands. Horatio hints at tension between Fortinbras's son and Prince Hamlet. Horatio suggests they tell Hamlet of the ghost and have Hamlet speak to him.
1)The director helps create an atmosphere of unease by using a simple setting. The first scence takes place in the dark and cold courtyard and this alone makes the scene very erie. Also, the fact that the guards are scared and anxious throughout the scene makes the audience feel uneasy, almost as if they were there. When the ghost finally does arrive and we see how afraid the guards are it really makes the audience feel that something is wrong.
2) The first line introduced by Horatio is the line where he explains the history of the two families and how King Hamlet had killed King Fortinbras. There is tension between the two countries and Horatio feels that the armored ghost of King Hamlet could be a sign of war to come. The second line comes at the end of the scene when Horatio suggests that the men prepare for war or to resolve this issue
the first scene in hamlet leaves the readers very uneasy and maybe sort of confused. there is a scary atmosphere and the guards are on edge. they are scared because their king was just killed and the setting that they are in doesn't help. the guards are very paranoid and nervous and eventually start to see a ghost like figure.
the first plot line is about king hamlet and king fortenbras death. fortenbras son may want to seek revenge on king hamlet's kingdom and reclaim his lost land.
the second plot line is when horatio had decided to involve hamlet with the ghost. he wants to include him because it could possibly be the ghost of his father.
sorry its late..
1. the director uses the night time as an atmosphere that creates a feeling of uneasiness. It is a very normal scene but it also has a creepily side to it. A reason why it's a sense of unease to it because you have no set up to it, you are just thrown into the plot and have to deal with it. To be in a courtyard on a dark cold night, the addition of a ghost appearing in the court yard makes for an even more uneasy plot.
2. The begging plot line starts of with the explanation of the kings situation. Along with this you find out the explanation of the ghost and that a war is about to occur, which is foreshadowed by the armor that the ghost is dressed in.
Kathryn Heassler said...
1. Kenneth Branaugh establishes an eery first act with not only his use of a very mysterious ghost, but with the dark, cold, and gloomy night-time setting, outside an old mansion or palace. Each character's responses are emotional; when the guards see the ghost or fear that it is near, they grasp each other and rush from one spot to another, creating tension and fear in the viewers. Shakespeare's original text provides the basis of fear with the careful placement of words and phrases to inspire a sense of fear and caution in the reader. Shakespeare and Kenneth immediately place you in the middle of the story, with the two guards and...
2. Horatio indicates during his time spent talking with the other guards that Hamlet (Senior, now deceased) killed the Norwegian king, Fortinbras, and now there is a rivalry between the two kingdoms (Denmark=Hamlet; Norway=Fortinbras) as the two sons, sharing the same names as their fathers, are being put into the middle of a feud from their fathers.
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